The Second Great Awakening had a tremendous effect on American society by spawning a large number of social reform movements. The revival of Protestant beliefs was part of a much broader movement that was taking place in … This differed from the Calvinists' belief in predestination as outlined in the Westminster Confession of Faith, which emphasized the inability of men to save themselves and decreed that the only way to be saved was by God's electing grace. These often provided the first encounter for some settlers with organized religion, and they were important as social venues. They, in turn, spread the message to their elders. [23]:89–94 This desire to restore a purer form of Christianity without an elaborate hierarchy contributed to the development of many groups during the Second Great Awakening, including the Latter Day Saints, Baptists and Shakers. Finney himself was a strong abolitionist and encouraged Christians to become involved in the antislavery movement. For four years Dwight preached a series of weekly sermons on Christian belief; when he finished the series, he started over again. The Great Awakening of 1720-1745 was a period of intense religious revivalism that spread throughout the American colonies. The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement during the 19th century that was challenging women’s traditional roles in religion. Christianity.com is a member of the Salem Web Network of sites including: Copyright © 2021, Christianity.com. Some people came over one hundred miles to attend the meeting; they prepared to camp out in wagons, tents, and makeshift shelters until a revival came. Converts were taught that to achieve salvation they needed not just to repent personal sin but also work for the moral perfection of society, which meant eradicating sin in all its forms. The Second Great Awakening began to decline by 1870. One college tutor wrote home to his mom, "Yale College is a little temple; prayer and praise seem to be the delight of the greater part of the students while those who are still unfeeling are awed with respectful silence.". Various scholarly theories attribute the discrepancy to a reaction to the perceived sinfulness of youthful frivolity, an inherent greater sense of religiosity in women, a communal reaction to economic insecurity, or an assertion of the self in the face of patriarchal rule. 5 Powerful Verses for When You’re Struggling with Fear. [32] With the growth in congregations and churches, Baptist associations formed in Virginia, for instance, as well as Kentucky and other states. By the early 19th century, independent African-American congregations numbered in the several hundreds in some cities of the South, such as Charleston, South Carolina, and Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia. During the first half of the 1800's The idea of restoring a "primitive" form of Christianity grew in popularity in the U.S. after the American Revolution. [24]:368, Efforts to apply Christian teaching to the resolution of social problems presaged the Social Gospel of the late 19th century. 1849 lithograph of tent revival during the Second Great Awakening. [32], Women, who made up the majority of converts during the Awakening, played a crucial role in its development and focus. State legislatures[which?] The British colonies were settled by many individuals who were looking for a place to worship their Christian religion free from persecution. Known as the First Great Awakening, the movements were characterized by emotional religious conversions from a state of sin to a "new birth" and by dramatic and powerful preaching, sometimes outdoors, by itinerant preachers in front of crowds of thousands. Douglas Allen Foster and Anthony L. Dunnavant, Elizabeth J.Clapp, and Julie Roy Jeffrey, ed., Women, Dissent and Anti-slavery in Britain and America, 1790–1865, (Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2011): 13–14, Barbara Welter, "The Feminization of American Religion: 1800–1860," in Clio's Consciousness Raised, edited by Mary S. Hartman and Lois Banner. This feeling swept through the American colonies between the 1730s and 1770s. Christianity was almost nonexistent then at Yale, the campus church almost extinct. In 1800, out of African-American revival meetings in Virginia, a plan for slave rebellion was devised by Gabriel Prosser, although the rebellion was discovered and crushed before it started. The six-day gathering attracting perhaps as many as 20,000 people, although the exact number of attendees was not formally recorded. Pietism was sweeping Germanic countries[4] and evangelicalism was waxing strong in England.[5]. This page was last edited on 4 March 2021, at 14:54. As a result, local churches saw their roles in society in purifying the world through the individuals to whom they could bring salvation, and through changes in the law and the creation of institutions.
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